Control two LEDs with ESP8266 NodeMCU board and push buttons

ESP8266 05-10-25

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Tutorial plan

1- Objective of this tutorial

2- The necessary components

3- Mounting ESP8266 NodeMCU card with LEDs and push buttons

4- Program ESP8266 NodeMCU with MicroPython

Objective of this tutorial

The objective of this tutorial is to learn how to control two LEDs using the ESP8266 NodeMCU board and two push buttons. Each button will be used to control one LED — when a button is pressed, the corresponding LED will turn on, and when it is released, the LED will turn off.

Through this project, you will:

- understand how to connect LEDs and push buttons to the ESP8266 NodeMCU.

- learn to configure the GPIO pins as inputs (for buttons) and outputs (for LEDs).

- write and upload a MicroPython program to control LEDs based on button inputs.

- gain practical experience with basic digital input/output operations on the ESP8266.

The necessary components

1. ESP8266 NodeMCU Board

The main microcontroller used to control the LEDs and read the state of the push buttons.

Two LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes)

The output devices that will blink according to the program.

Two Resistors (220Ω – 330Ω)

deux résistances

They are used in series with the LEDs to limit current and prevent them from burning out.

Two Push Buttons

bouton-poussoir

The Push Buttons are used as digital input devices to control the LEDs.

When pressed, they send a signal to the ESP8266 to turn on the corresponding LED.

Breadboard

plaque d'essai

A prototyping board to easily connect all the components without soldering.

Jumper Wires

Fils de connexion

They make the electrical connections between the NodeMCU, resistors, push buttons and LEDs.

Mounting ESP8266 NodeMCU card with LEDs and push buttons

1- Place the NodeMCU on the Breadboard

2- Place the red LED on the breadboard :

a) The anode (long leg, +) will connect to one leg of a 220Ω resistor

b) The other leg of the resistor should go to D0 (DPIO16)

c) The cathode (short leg, –) will connect to GPIO pin of ESP8266

3- Place the blue LED on the breadboard.

a) The anode (long leg, +) will connect to one leg of a 220Ω resistor

b) The other leg of the resistor should go to D1 (DPIO5)

c) The cathode (short leg, –) will connect to GPIO pin of ESP8266

4- Place the first push button on the breadboard.

a) connect one side of the button to GPIO D2 (DPIO4).

b) connect the other side of the button to the GND pin of ESP8266.

5- Place the second push button similarly:

a) Connect one side to GPIO D3 (DPIO0).

b) Connect the other side to the GND pin of ESP8266.

Program ESP8266 NodeMCU with MicroPython

import machine
from machine import Pin
import time
# Define red LED pin
red_led=Pin(16, Pin.OUT)
# Define button 1 pin
red_button = machine.Pin(4, machine.Pin.IN, machine.Pin.PULL_UP)
red_state=0;
# Define blue LED pin
blue_led=Pin(5, Pin.OUT)
# Define button pin
blue_button = machine.Pin(0, machine.Pin.IN, machine.Pin.PULL_UP)
blue_state=0;

while True:
    # Read button 2 state
    red_first = red_button.value()
    time.sleep(0.1)
    red_second = red_button.value()
    if red_first and not red_second:
        print('Button pressed!')
        if (red_state==0):
         red_led.value(1) # Turn on red LED
         red_state=1
        else:
         red_led.value(0) # Turn off red LED
         red_state=0;
        time.sleep(0.5)
    elif not red_first and red_second:
        print('Button released!')
       
    # Read button 1 state
    blue_first = blue_button.value()
    time.sleep(0.1)
    blue_second = blue_button.value()
    if blue_first and not blue_second:
        print('Button pressed!')
        if (blue_state==0):
         blue_led.value(1) # Turn on blue LED
         blue_state=1
        else:
         blue_led.value(0) # Turn off blue LED
         blue_state=0;
        time.sleep(0.5)
    elif not blue_first and blue_second:
        print('Button released!')